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Scottish Terrier
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Scottish Terrier

Affectionately called the “Scottie,” the Scottish Terrier is a compact, sturdy vermin hunter noted for having short legs and a shaggy beard. Charming and gentle, he takes pride in being a beloved pet and loves to be near his human companions. The playful, spirited Scottish Terrier needs plenty of leashed walks or fenced exercise. His hard, dense coat requires brushing twice a week and clipping every other month.

DID YOU KNOW? Breeder John Naylor imported the first two Scotties, “Tam Glen” and “Bonnie Belle,” in 1883 to the U.S. The Scottish Terrier is the only breed to live in the White House under three presidents. Franklin D. Roosevelt owned a male named “Fala,” Dwight D. Eisenhower had two Scotties called “Caacie” and “Telek,” and George W. Bush owned a male named “Barney.” King James VI was a big fan of the Scottish Terrier, thus the breed became popular in Scotland during his reign.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Aberdeen Terrier, Scottie

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys gentle walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Small dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Chatty and vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
12–15 years
Weight:
8.5–10.5kg
Height:
25–28cm
Colours:
Black, and all shades of wheaten or brindle
Size:
Small
Kennel Club Group:
Terrier
Personality

Scottish Terriers are frequently described as bold, lion-hearted, loyal and serious, but also dour, aloof, and reserved. Whilst primarily a companion and show dog today, the Scottish Terrier is very much a terrier, with all the feist and independent spirit one should expect.

With kind, patient training and motivation, the Scottie can be a cheerful, loyal and affectionate family friend to those they live with and knows well, but don’t expect them to be gushing and effusive with strangers.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Scotland

Although known as the Scottish Terrier since 1879, the Scottie has had several earlier names, including the Aberdeen Terrier, the Hard-Coated Scotch Terrier and the Die-Hard or Wire-Haired Terrier.Descended from the ancestral Highland Terrier, and closely related to the West Highland White Terrier, the Scottish Terrier was a working dog, bred to go to ground and take on any pest necessary. Their short legged, powerful muscular build and hard coat meant they were excellent in this role.

Nutrition and Feeding

Small dogs have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion.

Exercise

Scottish Terriers are highly adaptable in their physical exercise requirements, but do require a good balance of mental versus physical. This is a clever, sharp minded breed who will enjoy scent-based games and problem solving as well as walks of all durations once fit but will need at least an hour every day.

Other Information

Health and common issues

Health problems most commonly seen in the Scottish Terrier are a particular bone disease of the jaw, a muscle disorder causing cramping and they are more predisposed to certain types of cancer, in particular bladder cancer. As with many breeds, they can also suffer from hereditary eye disorders and so eye testing prior to breeding is important. The breed club monitor the health of the breed carefully and should be contacted for the most up-to-date information and details of any DNA or additional testing they recommend. Breed Clubs can be found on the Kennel Club website.

Space requirements

As a small breed the Scottie does not require vast, expansive housing, however a secure garden and access to peaceful yet interesting walks will be necessary. This is a breed that can be kept happily in town or country, but they will need quiet, secure spaces to run, sniff and unwind, particularly if kept in busy towns.

Training scottish terriers

The Scottish Terrier is a strong minded and independent breed, so whilst they can be trained to a high level you will need to employ positive reinforcement and ensure you remain interesting and motivating. If bored, the Scottish Terrier will find their own amusement. An outlet for their natural desire to hunt small vermin, in the form of tug toys and soft toys is a must, and good socialisation with other dogs and other species from an early age is vital.

Best family dog breeds

Raised kindly with respectful children, the Scottish Terrier can be a good family dog, they are however not inclined to effusive greetings with strangers, so will need time and patience if asked to add new people to their social group. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

  • Scottish Terriers have in the past been popular with royalty and Presidents. King James V1 of Scotland was a huge fan in the 17th Century, sending six Scotties to France as a gift. Queen Victoria had a favourite Scottie, Laddie and President Roosevelt had a Scottie called Murray the Outlaw of Falahill or Fala for short, and Eleanor Roosevelt had Meggie, during their time in the White House.
  • The first mention of a Scottish Terrier was by Bishop John Lesley in his book ‘History of Scotland from 1436 to 1561’. He described them as a ‘dog of low height, which creeping into subterraneous burrows, routs out foxes, badgers, martins and wild cats from their lurking places and dens’.
  • Due to their bravery, there’s a legend that the Scottish Terrier descended from bears instead of dogs.
  • When Scottish Terriers get extremely excited, they may experience something called the ‘Scottie Cramp’, this is a neurological disorder which makes their muscles tense up.
  • The Scottie is the most popular Monopoly piece!
Standard Schnauzer
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Standard Schnauzer

A German farm dog bred to guard livestock and catch vermin, the Standard Schnauzer has a hardy, athletic body marked by a bearded nose and bushy eyebrows. A natural protector, this territorial breed is an excellent watchdog. The lively Standard Schnauzer needs several brisk walks daily, and his coarse, lightly shedding coat should be brushed regularly to avoid mats and stripped at least twice a year.

DID YOU KNOW? The Standard Schnauzer is the original and oldest of the Schnauzer breeds, which includes the Miniature and Giant Schnauzers. The breed’s name is derived from the German word “schnauze,” which means “muzzle.”

ALSO KNOWN AS: Mittelschnauzer, Schnauzer, Wirehair Pinscher

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Medium dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Chatty and vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Personality

Schnauzers are lively and active dogs but they do have a stubborn and wilful streak. They can become one-person or one-family dogs and may become very territorial. The Schnauzer not always get on well with other dogs or household pets and so need especially thorough socialisation and supervision. They are quick to alert the family of any strangers approaching their territory, using their deep bark.

History and Origins

A Schnauzer dog has been represented in art and sculptures as early as the 1400s. The Schnauzer (commonly called the Standard Schnauzer) is the one that the Miniature and Giant Schnauzers evolved from, originating from southern Germany and the nearby regions of Switzerland and France. Originally it was used as a ratter, then it was discovered that they make excellent watchdogs and guards. The first breed standard for this dog was created in 1890.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's important to conduct regular body condition scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed him at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of his particular food.

Exercise

Schnauzers enjoy exercise and play and adults need a minimum of an hour's exercise each day, preferably more. They do like to be kept active and enjoy training.

Other Information

Health and common issues

The Schnauzer dog breed can develop heart problems and, like most breeds, hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Screening is available.

Best family dog breeds

While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children , all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Schipperke
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Schipperke

Curious, confident and faithful, the Schipperke originated in the Flemish provinces of Belgium. Protective of family and property, the breed is an excellent house dog with a fondness for children. An active breed, the Schipperke benefits from obedience classes and should receive regular exercise. The Schipperke’s harsh coat sheds several times a year but needs only weekly brushing and an occasional bath.

DID YOU KNOW? Schipperke is Flemish for “little captain.”

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
  • Basic training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Small dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Very vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
13 – 15 years
Weight:
5.5-7.5kg
Height:
21-33cm
Colours:
Usually black, the Schipperke also occasionally comes in a cream/gold, and can come in any solid colour, though these are rarely seen
Size:
Small
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Utility
Personality

Clever and lively, the Schipperke is said by both breeders and owners to be quick to learn, but also quick to get into trouble! Good-natured and generally amenable, they do like to bark to let their family know about anything they deem suspicious or unusual. As such, good dog socialisation and habituation should help ensure they don’t find too many things suspicious or unusual! 

History and Origins

The Schipperke was originally a barge dog - small enough to live in the tiny space inside a barge cabin but loud enough to make thieves think twice. They were also well equipped to cope with any weather and able to keep barges and their cargo free of rats and mice. Their origins are a little unclear. Some suggest that the Schipperke is a descendent of the now extinct Belgian Shepherd type, the ‘Leuvenaar’ however unlike this breed, they have a distinctly spitz-like appearance. It is however possible their small size was achieved by crossing the Leuvenaar with the small spitz types from surrounding areas - probably the small German Spitz and Pomeranian. Regardless of their true origins, it is known that the Schipperke dates back to at least the 17th century, as they were first exhibited at the Grand Palace of Brussels in 1690, however they were not given a breed standard until the late 1800’s.

Nutrition and Feeding

Small dog breeds, such as the Schipperke, have a fast metabolism, meaning they burn energy at a high rate, although their small stomachs mean that they must eat little and often. Small-breed foods are specifically designed with appropriate levels of key nutrients and smaller kibble sizes to suit smaller mouths. This also encourages chewing and improves digestion. Discover more about how to offer your dog a balanced diet with our easy-to-follow guide.

Exercise

The Schipperke needs between half an hour to an hour of daily dog exercise as a minimum, and varied, interesting exercise at that. This is a dog with an active mind so do not be fooled by the small size - their origins are as a hardy working breed so skimping on mental and physical exercise will not go down well! A good variety of walking routes is essential as the Schipperke living on a barge would have a new section of towpath to investigate every day and they retain this enjoyment of novelty!

Other Information

Health and common issues

The Schipperke dog is generally quite a hardy breed, but they can suffer some inherited neurological conditions, and hip disorders. For the most up to date health information visit the Kennel Club website or consult the breed club.

Space requirements

Bred to live happily in a very small space within a barge cabin, the Schipperke is not hard to house in that respect. A securely fenced garden is a must however as the Schipperke is agile, fast and has a desire to hunt out small squeaky prey. Whilst they can live pretty much anywhere, consideration must be paid to the amount these little dogs can and will bark. As their tendency is to alert to the comings and goings of the environment around them, think twice about keeping one in a busy environment with close neighbours.

Training schipperke dogs

The devil makes work for idle paws, or so the saying goes in dog circles and that is never truer than with the Schipperke. This little canine will enjoy dog training as long as the right motivation is there and so train with food and toys and keep things fun and interesting. Socialise and habituate well to other animals, children and day to day activity from an early age. Attention must be paid to recall and training a ‘quiet’ cue as the Schipperke loves the sound of their own voice and delights in sharing it with the neighbourhood!

Best family dog breeds

A fun family dog in the right home, you will need time to dedicate to training and keeping the Schipperke’s mind occupied, which may mean they are better homed with older children or teenagers. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with each other and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

The breed was made popular as a companion and pet by Queen Marie-Henriette (wife of King Leopold II and first cousin to the then future Queen Mary of England). In 1885 she bought a Schipperke she’d seen at a show in Brussels, named him ‘Black’ after his colouring and was often seen walking and driving with him. They became so desirable as a result that some unscrupulous sellers would try to pass off any suitably sized black dog as a Schipperke.  

Samoyed
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Samoyed

An ancient Siberian sledge dog bred to herd and guard reindeer,, the Samoyed is characterized by his hefty, weather-resistant coat and signature smiling black lips. This working breed thrives on having a job to do. A perfect companion for families with children, he is kind, gentle and devoted. The highly intelligent, active Samoyed needs daily exercise and will retain his puppy-like playfulness throughout his lifetime.

DID YOU KNOW? A team of Samoyeds accompanied Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen on his quest to discover the South Pole in 1911. The Samoyed’s gene pool contains no wolf or fox blood, distinguishing this dog as a primitive breed.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Bjelkier, Samoiedskaya Sobaka, Nenetskaya Laika

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys vigorous walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Medium dog
  • Heavy drool
  • Requires grooming daily
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Chatty and vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks and alerts
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • Great family dog
Lifespan:
12–13 years
Weight:
23–30kg
Height:
Adult males are 51–56cm and adult females 46–51cm
Colours:
Pure white, white and biscuit, or cream
Size:
Medium
Kennel Club group:
Working
Personality

The Samoyed is generally a friendly, outgoing and devoted dog. Samoyeds are protective of their homes. No intruder will ever go unheard, although they rarely do much more than announce their presence. He loves to be included in all family activities and can become destructive and vocal if left for too long or bored. They enjoy digging and are great escape artists, so garden security is essential. They have to be socialised from an early age, especially with cats and any other household pets. They can be quite vocal.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Russia

Known at various times as the Smiling Dog or the Reindeer Dog, the Samoyed is an ancient reindeer-herding dog who takes their now universally known name from the tribe that treasured it so highly and worked alongside it - the Samoyede people of Northern Siberia.While largely a herding dog, the Samoyed (or Sami) was a multi-purpose dog who would not only control livestock but would also pull sledges, and on occasions, provided the tribe with fur garments to keep them warm in the most inhospitable of climates.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. Samoyeds can be prone to bloating and stomach problems. Smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

The Samoyed dog breed needs a reasonable amount of dog exercise both on and off the lead. They do have a natural tendency to pull on a lead; however, they can be trained to walk beside you, or a headcollar can be used. An adult Samoyed needs a couple of hours of exercise daily, but his thick coat means he can easily over-heat and so very early morning exercise is ideal.

Ideal Owner

The Samoyed would suit an owner or a family who wants a friendly happy dog, who are at home most of the time, who prefer a non-heated house and don’t mind being covered in white hair!

Other Information

Health and common issues

The main inherited disease that the Samoyed suffers from is a particular type of kidney disease. As with many breeds, they can also suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

Training samoyeds

The Samoyed isn’t ever going to be an obedience champion as formal training isn’t in his repertoire! What he loves to do is run - so if you can find a club who specialises in Canicross, your Sami will be in heaven. If not, long lead walks will be in order after you've spent some time training him not to pull. After all, that’s what they were bred for!

Best family dog breeds

Samoyeds make great family dogs as they enjoy being involved in everything and have happy, patient personalities. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

  • The Samoyed dog takes its name from the Samoyedic peoples of Siberia. These nomadic reindeer herders bred the fluffy, white, smiling dogs to help with the herding, to pull sleds, and to keep their owners warm at night by sleeping on top of them.
  • As Samoyeds were the easiest of the Arctic dogs to buy at the end of the 19th century, early polar explorers such as Shakleton and Scott used them as sledge dogs on their historic expeditions. Once such dog, called Antarctic Buck ended up in Sydney Zoo being exhibited between two tigers before being discovered and shipped back to England to join the breed’s foundation stock there.
  • Recent DNA analysis of the breed has discovered that they are one of the oldest dog breeds.
Saluki
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Saluki

An avid hunter with great strength and endurance, the Saluki is one of the oldest dog breeds. This sighthound originally was used by the Arabs to bring down gazelle. Graceful, independent and loving, the Saluki does best with daily exercise. Salukis can be coated, with feathering on the legs, or smooth. They shed little but need weekly brushing and occasional bathing.

DID YOU KNOW? Salukis were held in such high esteem in Egypt that their bodies were often mummified like those of the Pharaohs.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Slougui, Arabian Greyhound, Arabischer Windhund, Sloughi Moghrebi, Arabian Sighthound, Levrier Marocain, Persian Greyhound

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Some training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking an hour a day
  • Medium dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Not a guard dog
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
12–14 years
Weight:
Fully grown, they weigh approximately 13-30kg.
Height:
Adult dogs stand at 58-71cm, with females slightly smaller
Colours:
The coat comes in any colour or combination of colours, except brindle
Size:
Medium
Kennel Club group:
Hound
Personality

The Saluki is an intriguing mixture of independent and intelligent, loyal and aloof - and affectionate but not demonstrative. They also have never forgotten their royal ancestry! They are generally disinterested in people they don’t know and somewhat standoffish but they are bond closely to their families, are quietly affectionate and dislike being left alone.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Persia/Middle East

The Saluki, also sometimes known as the Persian Greyhound or the Gazelle Hound, is one of the oldest breeds in the world - and some even claim that it predates ancient Egypt (hence why its precise origins are largely unknown). In ancient Egypt, the Saluki was known as the Royal Dog and was used to hunt hare, fox and gazelle by working in small packs to pursue their prey at incredible speeds before catching and holding it down until their masters caught up with them on either horse or camelback. They would also work with birds of prey who would locate gazelle.

Nutrition and Feeding

Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's important to conduct regular?body condition?scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember also to feed him at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of their particular food.

Exercise

The Saluki needs between one to two hours of daily dog exercise to include free-running. A specialist sprinter, this dog needs to be able to run in safe locations where they can't come to any harm if they chase after a squirrel or rabbit - or go selectively deaf in their joy of running. Between exercise periods, the Saluki is generally laidback and relaxed in the house.

Other Information

Health and common issues

The Saluki is generally quite a hardy breed, the most common serious health problem being heart disease. They can also be prone to bloat.

Space requirements

The Saluki is a quiet companion when not outside and so doesn’t need a large house - but they do need space to run safely and to get the exercise they need and so are best as rural dogs.

Training saluki dogs

Salukis have a cat-like attitude to training and often seem to think it is very much beneath them! Early dog socialisation is important but they need a puppy class that has other quiet self-restrained dogs to encourage them to enjoy the company of others. Training a good recall is very important in this breed - but it shouldn’t be relied upon no matter how perfect it might be without distractions! Like most sighthounds, the thrill of the chase and of running can lead to selective deafness in even the best trained dogs. If the Saluki is to live with cats, it is best to find a breeder who has reared their puppies with them - or else make sure any introductions are very slow and patient. This is a breed that is unlikely to be reliable with unknown cats or other small fluffies.

Best family dog breeds

The Saluki is a gentle dog who bonds well to their family - but they do not enjoy noise or disruption so are suited to older quiet children and quiet households. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with each other and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

Prized by their royal owners in ancient Egypt, their death would be marked by a period of deep mourning and they would often be mummified wearing their ornate hunting collars. The famous boy king Tutankhamun is shown in his tomb with his favourite hounds - which all appear to be Salukis.

Rottweiler
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Rottweiler

A descendent of Roman drover dogs, the Rottweiler was selectively bred by the Germans for his herding and guarding instincts. Calm, confident and courageous with great intelligence and a willingness to work, the Rottweiler loves people but does not welcome strangers without proper introduction. Rottweilers need obedience training and socialization as well as daily exercise. Their coats require minimal grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? The Rottweiler’s name was derived from a German town, das Rote Wil.

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Extra training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Chatty and vocal dog
  • Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
8–10 years
Weight:
Adult females 38kg; Adult males 50kg
Height:
Adult females 58–64cm; Adult males 63–69cm
Colours:
Fawn, black, blue, brindle and harlequin
Size:
Large
Kennel Club group:
Working
Personality

While they are not dogs who usually show their feelings, even with their owners, they are unconditionally loyal to their handlers and their families and will naturally defend them and their property. A popular breed with unscrupulous breeders, it's important to find a well-bred, well-socialised pup, as temperaments can vary. The importance of socialisation and training from an early age cannot be overstressed! This breed is not suited to the novice/inexperienced owner.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Germany

The breed’s ancestors were the mastiff-like, cattle-herding dogs of the ancient Romans who accompanied their armies as they swept across Europe. Some of these dogs were left behind when the army moved on, and in Germany, they bred with local sheepdogs and produced the Rottweiler. The Rottweiler was originally known as the Rottweiler Metzerhund - which translates as the Butcher’s Dog from Rottweil (a market town in South-West Germany). The breed would mostly help move cattle on the way to slaughter but also worked as a livestock guardian and a property guard. They would also protect their owner who, after selling his wares, would be a target for thieves and bandits who would try to rob him. The Rottweiler made sure they didn’t!

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. Rottweilers are also prone to bloating and stomach problems. Smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

Rottweilers need both exercise and training - and plenty of it to keep them happy and healthy. They enjoy long walks in the countryside, and a well-trained and socialised Rottweiler will usually stay very close to their owner. Ensure your Rottweiler is well-socialised and friendly with other dogs before letting them off the lead - and supervise all interactions with other dogs. Some Rottweilers can be problematic with other dogs and may need to be kept on lead around others. For an adult, two hours of daily exercise is required to include training and brain games.

Ideal Owner

The Rottweiler would suit an experienced owner with a large property who wants a loyal one-man dog that they can enjoy training and socialising.

Other Information

Health and common issues

In common with many large breeds the Rottweiler dog may suffer from a specific stomach condition (gastric dilation volvulus) and hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

Space requirements

This is a large, active dog, who needs plenty of indoor and outdoor space, and a well-fenced garden. As he can guard territory from visitors, dog-free access to your front door or letter box for deliveries is important.

Training rottweilers

The Rottweiler is a powerful, active working dog and as such he needs an experienced, firm but fair, owner to make sure he gets all the socialisation and training he needs to be a safe and friendly member of society. With the right owner, they can be trained to a very high standard, excel in canine sports or blossom with a job to do – in other words be an unbeatable dog. But the amount of work needed to keep them mentally and physically stimulated, and adequately socialised, makes them high maintenance dogs for expert owners.

Best family dog breeds

Not an ideal family dog as while he is usually devoted to his own children, he can easily mistake the intentions of their friends. Plus, in his clumsiness, he can knock over small children. With training and socialisation, the Rottweiler may be able to live with older sensible children. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

While often the subject of bad press, Rottweilers can make fabulous working dogs and can excel in a variety of jobs. For example, Gunner, a search and rescue Rottweiler received the AKC Hero Dog Award for his lifesaving work at the World Trade Centre disaster in New York.

Rhodesian Ridgeback
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Rhodesian Ridgeback

A versatile, athletic hound, the Rhodesian Ridgeback is distinguished by a ridge that runs down his back where the hair grows opposite the coat. This loyal, courageous and intelligent breed is an exceptional companion and watchdog. Sociable and affectionate, the Rhodesian Ridgeback has an innate desire to be close to his human companions. His sleek, glossy coat sheds lightly and requires minimal grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? The Rhodesian Ridgeback is also called the African Lion Hound because the breed originally was used to hunt lions in South Africa.

ALSO KNOWN AS: African lion dog, African lion hound

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for experienced owners
  • Extra training required
  • Enjoys active walks
  • Enjoys walking one to two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Minimum drool
  • Requires grooming once a week
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Guard dog. Barks, alerts and it's physically protective
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • May require training to live with kids
Lifespan:
10–12 years
Weight:
30–39kg
Height:
Adult males 63–69cm; Adult females 61–66cm
Colours:
Any self-colour from light wheaten to red wheaten
Size:
Large
Kennel Club group:
Hound
Personality

The Rhodesian Ridgeback is a strong, powerful dog that can be determined and stubborn. Although quite friendly and confident at home, they are very wary of strangers - human and canine. Not the ideal breed for the novice owner, they need experienced handling and training, together with early, thorough and ongoing socialisation.

History and Origins

This is a dog who has been known as the African Lion Dog which gives a good indication of what this powerful hound was originally bred to do. When European settlers came to southern Africa in the 17th century, they brought their large guarding dogs with them - a mixture of mastiffs, scenthounds and Great Danes - to protect their farms, and looked with scorn on the local ridge-backed dogs whom they often shot on sight. In time however they realised that these dogs were perfectly suited to the climate and had a resistance to tropical diseases, and so instead of killing them started to breed them with their own dogs to produce what they found to be the perfect breed for pursing African wild game. The resulting dogs were taken north to Rhodesia where they were further developed and worked with big games hunters who used them in small packs to hunt lions and leopards. By the 1920s the breed had become standardised and their popularity began to grow around the world.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The Rhodesian Ridgeback is prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk. Check out our dog feeding guidelines for more information.

Exercise

The Rhodesian Ridgeback requires a couple of hours of daily exercise as an adult. Rhodesian Ridgebacks have strong hunting instincts, so should be in a safe open space away from other dogs before let of the lead - or else have long on-lead walks.

Ideal Owner

The Rhodesian Ridgeback would suit an experienced owner with a large property who will enjoy training and working with a fairly challenging but highly rewarding dog. The ideal owner will also need to be able to cope with a dog devoted and affectionate to them, but possibly not to anyone else.

Other Information

Health and common issues

The Rhodesian Ridgeback is predisposed to a particular inherited defect involving the spine (dermoid sinus) and all puppies should be screened at birth for this. As with many breeds they can also suffer from hip dysplasia (a condition that can lead to mobility problems). Hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

Space requirements

This is a dog who needs a large property and a securely fenced garden in a rural location, or with plenty of open space for daily exercise.

Training rhodesian ridgebacks

Plenty of socialisation and dog training is needed to ensure this dog is a safe member of canine society. With consistent reward-based training, they can master a reliable recall and walking on the lead - along with other obedience exercises. But be aware that they can be selective in their obedience when faced with distractions.

Best family dog breeds

The Rhodesian Ridgeback is not an ideal family dog. Although he can be very affectionate towards their own children, they may not be tolerant of their friends. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

  • The anatomical feature that gives the breed its name is the ridge of hair that grows down its back - and makes it instantly recognisable. This ridge is formed by the hair growing in a totally different direction to the rest of the coat and is capped at the top with two ‘crowns’ (whorls) that are directly opposite each other. This is shared by only one other (far less common) breed, the Thai Ridgeback.
  • This may however be more than just an interesting coat pattern. Some researchers have found a correlation between the ridge and a congenital skin condition known as ‘dermoid sinus’ – although this is fairly rare. Some more romantic breeders however say the ridge is “where God sewed them up after stuffing them”!
Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
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Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever

Highly intelligent, alert and outgoing, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is the smallest retriever breed. Developed in the 19th century to lure, toll and retrieve waterfowl, this energetic breed is an ideal companion for active families. He is agile, quick and determined with a desire to work and please. An affectionate and loving companion, the Toller is patient with children. He has a soft, low-maintenance coat.

DID YOU KNOW? "Tolling” is a Middle English word meaning to “lure or decoy game.” Tolling dogs draw waterfowl within the range of a hunter by alternately playing along the shoreline and hiding. Waterfowl become curious and swim in closer to shore to better observe him.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Yarmouth Toller, Tolling Retriever, Little Red Duck Dog, Little River Duck Dog

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for owners with some experience
  • Basic training required
  • Enjoys vigorous walks
  • Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
  • Medium dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Not a guard dog
  • May require training to live with other pets
  • Great family dog
Lifespan:
10 – 14 years
Weight:
17 – 23kg
Height:
Adult males stand 48-51cm, females 45-48cm
Colours:
Light orange to a deep red
Size:
Medium
UK Kennel Club Groups:
Gundog
Personality

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever loves the great outdoors and is ideally suited to the active, country-dwelling family. They respond well to training and can excel in the dog sports of flyball, agility, obedience along with many others. The Toller is a playful, energetic companion who is a joy to be around.

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Canada

A relatively new breed, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever (NSDTR or Toller) was developed in Canada in the early part of the 20th Century, to fulfil the rather unique dual role of both decoy dog and retriever. It is likely that many breeds went into the creation of the Toller, including spaniels, setters, collies and retrievers, but it was not until 1945 that the breed was recognised by the Canadian Kennel Club, and they didn’t gain international recognition till the 1980s.

Nutrition and Feeding

A Duck Tolling Retriever’s diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's important to conduct regular body condition scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed him at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of his particular food. Discover more about how to offer your dog a balanced diet with our easy-to-follow guide.

Exercise

Several hours of dog exercise a day will suit the Toller, but ensure that this is varied and involves mental stimulation as this is a clever, curious breed. Any activity that involves swimming, or carrying objects in the mouth will fulfil the Tollers breed traits, and this willing biddable dog will do well at many dog sports and activities.

Other Information

Health and common issues

As with many breeds, Duck Tolling Retrievers can suffer from hereditary eye disorders, and hip and elbow dysplasia (joint conditions that can be painful and lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

Space requirements

Compact and economical on space, the Toller is an easy dog to house as long as you don’t mind orange fur shed everywhere and the odd bit of mud and damp. A decent sized secure garden is important, and access to a wide variety of engaging walking routes, but otherwise the Toller can reasonably be housed anywhere.

Training retriever (nova scotia duck tolling)

Quick to learn and willing to oblige, the Toller is a fun dog to train with and will enjoy a wide variety of ‘doggy jobs’. This is a dog who will enjoy training and will be easily bored without plenty of mental stimulation, but is not a ‘training junkie’ type. Ensure teaching a ‘settle’ is part of the repertoire and as with all retrievers, focus on training to happily swap items in return for reward.

Best family dog breeds

For the active family the Toller is a fun and engaging companion, but they will need time dedicated to training and activities and are better suited to those who spend a lot of time outdoors or specifically interested in dog sports. Fine with older children, possibly requiring a bit too much walking and training to suit those with very young families. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with each other and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

The term ‘toll’ means ‘to entice’ and this is where the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever gets their name – their job is to lure in ducks with their waving white tipped tail, so that hunters can get their shot. Then fulfilling the second part of their name, the Toller finds and retrieves the shot birds to the hunter.

Labrador Retriever
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Labrador Retriever

Friendly, gentle, intelligent and eager to please, the Labrador Retriever is an ideal hunting companion and family dog. Developed in 19th-century Newfoundland as a water dog, the Labrador Retriever has a stable temperament and a kindly, outgoing nature. He is highly adaptable and trainable and thrives with active owners. His dense, water-resistant coat sheds seasonally and needs regular grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? In 2011, the Labrador Retriever was the most popular dog breed in the U.S., according to American Kennel Club Dog Registration Statistics.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Labrador

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
  • Basic training required
  • Enjoys vigorous walks
  • Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Chatty and vocal dog
  • Not a guard dog
  • Great with other pets
  • Great family dog
Lifespan:
10 – 14 years
Weight:
25 – 36kg
Height:
55 – 57cm
Colours:
Black, yellow and chocolate/liver
Size:
Large
Kennel Club group:
Gundog
Personality

The Labrador Retriever is an active, friendly, loving dog who thrives on human companionship, wanting nothing more than to please their owners (except perhaps eat and jump in any water they can find!). They are ideal pets where there are children about and they get on well with other household animals. Labradors are a very happy breed, extremely affectionate, constantly wagging their tails and always on the go. They are easily trained, being eager to learn and to please and can turn their paw to just about anything. They are total foodies however - which helps with their training but not their waistlines!

History and Origins

Country of Origin: Canada

The Labrador Retriever breed originated not in Labrador, but on the coast of Newfoundland in the 17th century. They were trained to bring in the fishing-nets through the icy waters for the fishermen and, in the early 19th century, were brought to Poole Harbour in Great Britain. They were so attractive and with such appealing personalities that the fishermen had umpteen offers from Englishmen to buy them. The breed with their working abilities was instantly successful as a gundog. The Earl of Malmesbury became fascinated by these dogs, known at that time as Saint John's Dogs, and he started breeding them, calling them Labrador Dogs. Today, Labradors are still used as working gundogs as well as being beloved family pets.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The Labrador is prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk. Your dog's diet needs to have the right balance of all the main nutrient groups including a constant supply of fresh water. It's important to conduct regular?body condition?scores to ensure you keep your dog in ideal shape and remember to feed them at least twice daily and in accordance with the feeding guidelines of their particular food.

Exercise

Labradors will adapt to the amount of time you can allocate for their exercise as long as they are kept active – a couple of hours a day being ideal for a healthy adult. They love long walks with a chance to run and play off the lead. Many Labradors become overweight because they are bought by families who want them for their reputation as the perfect dog with children, without realising that this is a working dog who needs a lot of exercise and training to stay happy and healthy. As well as walks, a Labrador will revel in games and play with their owner as they are highly social and need to be involved in all family activities.

Other Information

Health and common issues

As with many breeds, Labrador dogs can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip and elbow dysplasia (joint conditions that can be painful and lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

Space requirements

The Labrador is a large, active breed who is at heart a country dog, and so needs a good-sized living space. As they are very active, they will appreciate a large garden and need access to the great outdoors for long walks.

Training labradors

Labradors are generally a joy to train as they are both clever and biddable and love working with their owner. Despite being generally unproblematic, they do still need training as they have a need to work and to keep their busy brains kept occupied. Plus, they can easily get overly-boisterous and even destructive if not given plenty of exercise and an outlet for their hard-wired breed behaviours. Being a retrieving breed, it’s especially important to train them using positive, reward-based methods to happily give up any ‘prizes’ they find that they might otherwise want to keep hold of!

Best family dog breeds

There is a good reason why the Labrador has a reputation as being almost the perfect family dog. This is a breed who loves everyone and everything. Their only drawback is that they need a lot of exercise and so they need an active family who enjoy walking and games. All dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

  • Originally Labrador Retrievers worked with fishermen and were bred to bring back fish-laden nets.
  • Labrador’s have turned their paw to a whole host of dog careers, including: drug and explosive detection, search and rescue and even guide dogs!
  • They’re one of the most popular dog breeds in the USA and UK.
  • You can get puppies of all colours (black, yellow and chocolate) in one litter.
  • The world’s first diabetic alert dog was a Labrador called Armstrong!
Golden Retriever
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Golden Retriever

One of the most popular breeds in the U.S., the Golden Retriever is a sturdy, athletic dog known for his intelligence and eager-to-please attitude. The Golden Retriever is patient, kind and loves everyone. His keen nose makes him an excellent hunting companion, and his gentle nature suits him well for therapy work or being a service dog for the disabled. The Golden needs daily exercise and regular grooming.

DID YOU KNOW? The Golden Retriever was developed in the Scottish Highlands in the late 1800s by Lord Tweedmouth, who crossed a “Yellow Retriever” with a now-extinct Tweed Water Spaniel found on his estate. Later, the Irish Setter and Bloodhound were integrated into the breed. Three Golden Retrievers were the first dogs to achieve an AKC Obedience Champion title.

ALSO KNOWN AS: Retriever

The need-to-know

  • Dog suitable for non-experienced owners
  • Basic training required
  • Enjoys vigorous walks
  • Enjoys walking more than two hours a day
  • Large dog
  • Some drool
  • Requires grooming every other day
  • Non hypoallergenic breed
  • Quiet dog
  • Not a guard dog
  • Great with other pets
  • Great family dog
Lifespan:
10–12 years
Weight:
27–34kg
Height:
51–61cm
Colours:
The Golden Retriever comes in various shades of gold from light to dark
Size:
Large
Kennel Club group:
Gundog
Personality

The Golden Retriever is a gentle dog with a level disposition, and usually adapts well to family life. They love to be involved in all matters, whether indoors or outdoors. They are foremost a retriever and will attempt to drag, pull or carry anything they can fit into their mouths. They also love water and care should be taken to ensure their safety when any form of water is nearby. Golden Retrievers are, however, worriers, and great care should be taken during training, ensuring sensitivity is maintained at all times.

History and Origins

Sir Dudley Marjoribanks (Lord Tweedmouth) took a liking to the yellow colour of the retriever and acquired a dog called 'Nous' from Brighton, England, in 1865 and used him on a Tweed Water Spaniel bitch, which was a liver-coloured retrieving dog. In 20 years of further breeding, and bringing in Labrador Retrievers, Red Setters and possibly a Bloodhound or two to improve scenting and add bone, the Golden Retriever dog breed was developed. In 1908 it was registered and shown as Golden Flatcoats until 1913, when the listing was changed to Golden or Yellow Retrievers until finally, in 1920, they took the name they bear today.

Nutrition and Feeding

Large breed dogs, as well as having large appetites, benefit from a different balance of nutrients including minerals and vitamins compared to smaller-breed dogs. The Golden Retriever is prone to bloating and stomach problems; smaller, more frequent meals can help minimise this risk.

Exercise

Adult Golden Retrievers require a reasonable amount of exercise to keep them in peak condition. As puppies, do ensure they are not over-exercised or bone/joint problems may develop. A couple of hours of daily exercise should be sufficient for a fit adult, though this dog will happily accept more if you can offer it! Like many gundogs, they can easily become overweight if not given enough exercise - especially as they love their food!

Other Information

Health and common issues

As with many breeds, The Golden Retriever can suffer from various hereditary eye disorders, and hip and elbow dysplasia (joint conditions that can be painful and lead to mobility problems). Eye testing and hip scoring of dogs prior to breeding is therefore important.

Space requirements

At heart this is a country dog that loves the great outdoors and long walks in the countryside. They can adapt to smaller spaces as long as they have a garden and plenty of daily exercise.

Training golden retrievers

Golden Retrievers are great dogs to train - whether in obedience or more traditional gundog work - as they are smart and enjoy pleasing their owners. They need sensitive reward-based training to help them gain confidence and excel. As well as walking exercise, they excel in any games that use their natural retrieving abilities and love working with their owners.

Best family dog breeds

The Golden Retriever is an ideal dog for families as they love everyone, are gentle and enjoys being involved in all activities. They’ll happily come along for car rides and go visiting as they’re highly social. While many dogs are traditionally thought of as being good with children, all dogs and children need to be taught to get on with and respect each other, and be safe together. Even so, dogs and young children should never be left alone together and adults should supervise all interactions between them.

Did you know?

  • The Golden Retriever is one of the most versatile breeds and they can be found doing all kinds of jobs including, disability assistance, guiding, search and rescue, working trials, obedience and agility.
  • One Golden Retriever worth mentioning is Bear – the first dog on the scene after the World Trade Centre disaster. He and his handler John Gilkey worked at the site for three months trying to locate people buried in the rubble.
  • Golden Retrievers are said to have extremely soft mouths, so soft in fact that they can carry a raw egg in their mouth without cracking the shell.
  • Due to their high intelligence and willingness to please, Golden Retriever’s are often used in films and TV shows, some famous ones include Buddy from Air Bud and Shadow from Homeward Bound.
  • They are thought to be the 4th smartest dog breed in the world.
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